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OCR: In deserts, scarce rainfall means that few plants are present to protect the soil from erosion. When it does rain, torrents and floods are important in shaping the landscape: boulders and stones are carried down temporary rivers gouging out the bedrock. Wind-borne sand scours away at the rocks, sculpting strange-looking formations. Rocks crack due to extreme variation in daily temperatures - they may expand when heated, only to contract during cold nights. As they cool, rocks sometimes split with a loud bang.